Introduction:
The Ancient & Primitive Rite of Memphis-Misraim (APRMM), a unique branch within Freemasonry, stands out with its extensive degree system, reaching up to 100 degrees in some jurisdictions, though commonly capped at between either 95 or 97 degrees. This article provides an insightful overview of APRMM’s history, philosophy, and its distinctive role in the Masonic-Illuministic tradition.
Understanding APRMM’s Status in Freemasonry:
APRMM is sometimes viewed as ‘clandestine’ by certain grand lodges, indicating its disconnection from mainstream ‘regular’ Freemasonry. This distinction, however, leads to a deeper exploration of its unique characteristics.
A Brief History of APRMM:
Founded through the merger of the Rite of Misraïm (1801, Venice) and the Rite of Memphis (1839, Paris), APRMM is a culmination of various high-degree Masonic traditions that emerged post-French Revolution. Its origins reflect a fusion of Western initiatic traditions, blending Craft Freemasonry with the esoteric teachings of ancient Egyptian and Mithraic practices.
The Philosophical and Spiritual Path of APRMM:
APRMM differentiates itself by offering a dual Masonic-Illuministic system, focusing on individual spiritual development rather than philanthropic or political endeavors. It emphasizes traditional Masonic principles, aiming to enhance spiritual growth and spread positive values universally.
The Ritual and its Goals:
Central to APRMM’s practice is its Cherished Ritual, aiming to restore spiritual values across all life forms. Unlike other Masonic bodies, APRMM maintains complex degrees like Kabbalistic, Gnostic, and Hermetic, fostering deep social awareness, respect for freedoms, and personal spiritual growth.
Tradition and Initiation in APRMM:
APRMM embodies Masonic tradition by elevating the initiation process beyond formal rituals. In contrast to modern Freemasonry’s simplified initiation, APRMM emphasizes a deeper, more esoteric approach, integrating spirituality and reason. This Rite revitalizes Freemasonry’s spiritual core, ensuring that initiation is a transformative experience, not just a ceremonial procedure.
The Merger of Memphis & Misraïm Rites:
In 1881, the Rites of Misraïm and Memphis merged under Giuseppe Garibaldi’s leadership, forming the “Oriental Masonic Order of the Ancient and Primitive Rite Of Memphis and Misraïm.” This merger introduced two administrative degrees (96th and 97th) to the existing 95 degrees, assigning specific roles to the Sovereign Grand Masters and Grand Commanders, with the positions being lifelong and transferred through investiture. Note that in some jurisdictions, the highest degree can be 99th or 100th.
Understanding the Degrees of APRMM:
APRMM’s degree system is unique and should not be directly compared to other Masonic Rites. Key distinctions include:
- Initiation begins at the first degree of Craft Masonry, unlike other Rites that start post the III degree.
- The 95th degree of APRMM does not correspond to the 33rd degree of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, despite some jurisdictions recognizing such equivalences.
- APRMM’s Chivalric, Illuministic, deeply Rosicrucian, and Hermetic nature, with distinct Kabbalistic functions, sets it apart from higher degrees in other Masonic bodies.
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