WHY?

A hate filled conspiracy theorist named William Guy Carr, wrote a book called “Pawns in the Game” published in 1958, makes a claim that Albert Pike wrote a letter to Giuseppe Mazzini in 1871 predicting three global wars, detailing their causes, participants, and outcomes. This claim was based on writings by Leo Taxil’s (Marie Joseph Gabriel Antoine Jogand-Pagès), which were later admitted to be a hoax.

Historical Information

Giuseppe Mazzini (1805-1872)

Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian patriot, political activist, and writer who played a pivotal role in the Risorgimento, the movement for Italian unification. Here’s a concise overview of his life and contributions:

1. Early Life: Born in Genoa, Mazzini was educated in law but was drawn to politics from a young age, influenced by the wave of nationalism and liberal revolutions sweeping Europe.
2. Giovine Italia: In 1831, Mazzini founded “Giovine Italia” (Young Italy), a secret society that aimed to transform Italy into a unified, democratic republic. The society attracted many young intellectuals and activists.
3. Exile: Due to his revolutionary activities, Mazzini spent much of his life in exile, living in various European cities, including London and Geneva. Despite being away from Italy, he continued to inspire and organize revolutionary movements from abroad.
4. Philosophy: Mazzini’s vision for Italy was not just political but also moral and spiritual. He believed in a “Duty” towards God and humanity and saw nationalism as a means to achieve broader human brotherhood. He championed the rights of the individual and emphasized the role of the people in shaping nations.
5. Legacy: While Mazzini’s attempts at revolution during his lifetime were often unsuccessful, his ideas greatly influenced the Italian unification process. He is remembered as a symbol of the struggle for freedom and unity in Italy.

The Carbonari

Mazzini was often thought of as a Freemason due to his association with the ‘Carbonari’, a secret revolutionary society that originated in the Kingdom of Naples and the Kingdom of Sicily in the early 19th century. They played a significant role in the Risorgimento, the movement for Italian unification. However there are no records anywhere in any historical document or masonic list anywhere, which lists Mazzini as being initiated into Freemasonry. There are no notes or letters or references to Mazzini by any Freemasons from that period of time either, which means that Mazzini was NOT a Freemason.

Here’s a more detailed overview:

1. Origins: The exact origins of the Carbonari are somewhat obscure, but it’s believed they evolved from earlier ‘secret’ societies. The name “charcoal burners” is thought to be symbolic, representing the members’ desire to “burn away” the existing political order and replace it with a new one.
2. Structure and Rituals: The Carbonari had a hierarchical structure and rituals that were influenced by Freemasonry, but were not masonic, nor were they recognized by mainstream Freemasonry. Carbonari members were organized into small covert cells, and they used secret signs and passwords for identification.
3. Goals: The primary goal of the Carbonari was to promote liberal and nationalistic ideals and to oppose the conservative regimes that ruled much of Italy at the time. They sought constitutional reforms and the removal of foreign rulers, particularly the Austrians who controlled large parts of northern Italy.
4. Activities: The Carbonari were involved in several uprisings in the 1820s, most notably in Naples and the Papal States. While some of these revolts initially succeeded, they were eventually suppressed by conservative forces.
5. Notable Members: Many prominent figures of the Risorgimento had associations with the Carbonari, including Giuseppe Mazzini, as previously mentioned. However, as the 19th century progressed and the movement for Italian unification gained momentum, the importance of the Carbonari diminished, and they were eventually superseded by other groups and political movements.
6. Legacy: Despite their eventual decline, the Carbonari played a crucial role in the early stages of the Risorgimento. They helped to spread liberal and nationalistic ideas throughout Italy and laid the groundwork for the more organized and successful efforts to unify the country in the 1850s and 1860s.

Albert Pike (1809-1891)

1. Early Life and Education:
   • Born: December 29, 1809, in Boston, Massachusetts.
   • Educated at local schools and Harvard University, though financial constraints prevented him from completing his degree.
2. Military Career:
   • Served as a brigadier general for the Confederate Army during the American Civil War.
   • Initially worked as a journalist and lawyer before his military service.
3. Freemasonry:
   • Initiated into Western Star Lodge No. 2 in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1850.
   • Became extremely active and influential in Freemasonry.
   • Elected Sovereign Grand Commander of the Scottish Rite’s Southern Jurisdiction in 1859.
   • Held the position of Sovereign Grand Commander for 32 years until his death in 1891.
   • Revised the Scottish Rite rituals, creating a new standard for the rituals which are still used today.
4. Literary Contributions:
   • A prolific writer, author of more than 13 books such as:
     – Morals and Dogma: (1871) This is perhaps his most famous work, detailing the teachings of the Scottish Rite of Freemasonry.
     – Book of the Words: This work delves into the etymology and symbolic meanings of words used in Masonic rituals.
     – Legenda and Readings of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry: A collection of lectures related to the degrees of the Scottish Rite.
     – Esoterika: A work that delves into the symbolic and esoteric aspects of Masonry.
     – Prose Sketches and Poems Written in Western Country: (1834) – A collection of Pike’s early poetry and prose.
     – Indo-Aryan Deities and Worship as Contained in the Rig-Veda: Pike’s exploration of Vedic hymns and their relevance to Masonic symbolism.
     – The Point Within the Circle: Freemasonry Veiled in Allegory and Illustrated by Symbols: Another of Pike’s works on Masonic symbolism.
     – Maxims of the Kabalists: Pike’s exploration of Kabbalistic teachings and their relevance to Masonry.
     – The Ritual of the Operative Free Masons: A study of the rituals of operative masons, the predecessors to modern speculative Masonry.
     – The Book of Apadno: A work that delves into the esoteric teachings of various religious traditions.
     – The Sephar H’Debrarim: A book on Kabbalistic teachings.
     – Historical Inquiry In Regard to the Grand Constitutions of 1786: A historical exploration of a significant Masonic document.
     – Meaning of Masonry: Pike’s exploration of the philosophical underpinnings of the Masonic tradition.
   • Also known for his poetry, particularly the song “Dixie to Arms!
5. Death and Legacy:
   • Died on April 2, 1891, in Washington, D.C.
   • Buried at Oak Hill Cemetery, but his remains were later moved to the House of the Temple, the headquarters of the Southern Jurisdiction of the Scottish Rite.
   • Remembered as one of the most influential figures in American Freemasonry.
6. Statues and Memorials:
   • A statue of Pike is located in Judiciary Square in Washington, D.C., erected by the Freemasons and dedicated to his contributions to Freemasonry.
   • His statue has been a point of contention due to his Confederate associations.
7. Other Notable Facts:
   • Pike was fluent in 16 different languages.
   • He was a 33° Mason, the highest honor in Freemasonry.
   • Apart from his Masonic writings, he also wrote extensively on subjects like Native American languages and cultures.

The Individuals Involved In This Conspiracy Theory

Giuseppe Mazzini: No record of Mazzini ever being initiated into Freemasonry.
Albert Pike: 33rd degree Scottish Rite.

The Conspiracy

1. Origin of the Claim:
   • The alleged Pike/Mazzini letter first gained widespread attention through William Guy Carr’s book, “Pawns in the Game,” but Carr did not provide an original source for the letter.
2. No Original Document:
   • There is no known original copy of the letter. All references to it are based on later claims, not on primary source material.
3. Taxil Hoax Connection:
   • The closest known source of the alleged letter’s content is from Leo Taxil’s (Marie Joseph Gabriel Antoine Jogand-Pagès) writings, which were later admitted to be a hoax.
   • Taxil’s works were intended to mock both Freemasonry and the Catholic Church, and he openly admitted to fabricating his claims.
4. Absence in Archives:
   • The British Museum, often cited as holding the letter, has repeatedly stated that no such document exists in their collection.
5. Historical Inaccuracies:
   • The alleged letter contains references and ideas that would have been out of place or unknown in 1871, suggesting a later fabrication.
6. Character of Pike:
   • Albert Pike, a Confederate general and prominent Freemason, left extensive writings. None of his known works contain anything resembling the content of the alleged letter to Mazzini.
7. Mazzini’s Relevance:
   • Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian revolutionary and nationalist. While he had correspondences with many influential figures of his time, there’s no historical record or evidence of a close association with Pike that would warrant such a detailed and strategic letter.
8. Absence in Masonic Records:
   • Freemasonry keeps extensive records, and there’s no mention or evidence of this letter in any official or unofficial Masonic archives.
9. Modern Usage:
   • The alleged Pike/Mazzini letter is often used by conspiracy theorists to “prove” that world events are controlled by secret societies. However, without an original source or corroborating evidence, the letter’s authenticity remains highly dubious.
10. Taxil’s Admission:

• Leo Taxil publicly admitted in 1897 that his claims about Freemasonry, including stories similar in nature to the Pike/Mazzini letter, were all fabrications. This casts significant doubt on any claims derived from or related to his works.

What Are the Historical Inaccuracies?

1. Specific Mention of World Wars:
   • The concept of a “World War” was not in common parlance in 1871. The term became widely used only after the First World War (previously known as the Great War) to describe the global nature of the conflict.
2. Nations and Alliances:
   • The letter allegedly predicts the roles of specific nations in the World Wars, including Germany, which was only unified in 1871 and had not yet played a significant role on the global stage.
3. Nazism and Zionism:
   • The ideologies of Nazism and Zionism, as we understand them, did not exist in 1871. Nazism emerged in the early 20th century, while political Zionism took shape in the late 19th century.
4. Concept of Fascism:
   • Fascism as a political ideology and movement did not emerge until the early 20th century, primarily in Italy under Benito Mussolini.
5. Detailed Nature of Conflicts:
   • The letter’s alleged descriptions of the causes and outcomes of the World Wars are too detailed and specific for a 19th-century prediction. They align more closely with a retrospective analysis written after the events occurred.
6. Communism’s Role:
   • While early forms of socialist and communist thought existed in 1871, the specific role of Bolsheviks and the nature of the Russian Revolution of 1917 would have been impossible to predict with the detail allegedly present in the letter.
7. Middle Eastern Conflict:
   • The detailed predictions about conflict in the Middle East and the role of Islam in global conflict are out of context for the 1871 geopolitical landscape.
8. Illuminati Reference:
   • By 1871, the Bavarian Illuminati had been disbanded for nearly a century. Its mention in the context of 20th-century global conspiracies is anachronistic.

These historical inaccuracies, when considered collectively, strongly suggest that the alleged Pike/Mazzini letter was not a genuine 19th-century document but rather a later fabrication.

Contextual Analysis:

• The content of the alleged letter, with its detailed predictions of 20th-century wars and political movements, reads more like a retrospective analysis than a genuine 19th-century document.

In summary, the alleged letter from Albert Pike to Giuseppe Mazzini from 1871 predicting three world wars lacks credible primary sources, has connections to known hoaxes, and contains content that is historically out of context. Given these points, the letter is fake and a complete fabrication by William Guy Carr.
In summary, the alleged letter from Albert Pike to Giuseppe Mazzini from 1871 predicting three world wars lacks credible primary sources, has connections to known hoaxes, and contains content that is historically out of context.

Given these points, the letter is fake and a complete fabrication by William Guy Carr. Period.

Sources:
– Chat GPT4.0 – Extensive Research Expert Bot
– https://www.conspiracyarchive.com/2015/01/10/albert-pike-to-mazzini-august-15-1871-three-world-wars/
– https://www.britannica.com/biography/Giuseppe-Mazzini
– https://scottishrite.org/blog/about/media-publications/journal/article/albert-pike-on-freemasonry-force/
– https://www.srkc.org/history/famous/pike/
– https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/history/us-history-biographies/albert-pike
– https://www.ohio.edu/chastain/ip/mazzini.htm
– https://www.historytoday.com/archive/giuseppe-mazzini-1805-1872